{"id":6669,"date":"2025-11-17T15:24:36","date_gmt":"2025-11-17T15:24:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/detralytics.com\/?p=6669"},"modified":"2026-08-21T13:30:10","modified_gmt":"2026-08-21T13:30:10","slug":"fairness-in-insurance-pricing-from-proxy-discrimination-to-demographic-parity","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/detralytics.com\/fr\/publication\/fairness-in-insurance-pricing-from-proxy-discrimination-to-demographic-parity\/","title":{"rendered":"Fairness in insurance pricing: From proxy discrimination to demographic parity"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Fairness in insurance pricing : from prroxy discrimination to demographic parity<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Detra Note 2025-5<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Introduction<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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This note investigates fairness in insurance pricing, focusing on two complementary notions: proxy discrimination and demographic parity. Proxy discrimination arises when apparently neutral risk factors encode information about protected attributes, leading to indirect and often unintended discrimination. Demographic parity, by contrast, is a group fairness criterion requiring the distribution of premiums to be independent of protected characteristics. We discuss the conceptual differences between these two approaches. Building on recent contributions of Simon, Denuit and Tru\ufb01n (2025), we then describe tree-based methods (the DPTree and its ensemble extension, the DPForest) that embed demographic parity constraints directly into predictive models. These methods demonstrate how fairness requirements can be operationalised transparently within standard actuarial tools, while also illustrating the inherent trade-offs between accuracy and fairness.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Mots-cl\u00e9s : <\/span><\/strong>Insurance pricing; fairness; proxy discrimination; demographic parity; tree-based methods.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Secteur : <\/b>Assurance<\/p>\n

<\/b>Expertise: <\/b>Tarification<\/p>\n

Auteurs : <\/b>Michel Denuit, Thomas Hames & Julien Trufin<\/p>\n

\u00c9diteur :<\/b> Detralytics<\/p>\n

Date:<\/b> November 2025<\/p>\n

Langue :<\/b> Anglais<\/p>\n

Pages:<\/b> 25<\/p>\n

R\u00e9f\u00e9rence :<\/b> Detra Note 2025-5<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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\u00c0 propos des auteurs<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"Michel\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Michel Denuit<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Michel est conseiller scientifique chez Detralytics, ainsi que professeur en sciences actuarielles \u00e0 l\u2019Universit\u00e9 catholique de Louvain. Il dispose d\u2019une exp\u00e9rience internationale en tant que professeur invit\u00e9 et a men\u00e9 de nombreux projets en collaboration avec l\u2019industrie. Chez Detralytics, Michel accompagne les jeunes talents, dispense des formations de pointe, stimule l\u2019innovation et supervise les projets de R&D.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Thomas Hames<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Depuis son arriv\u00e9e chez Detralytics en 2019, Thomas a principalement travaill\u00e9 sur des sujets de tarification et de provisionnement en assurance Non-Vie et Automobile de d\u00e9tail, en combinant des m\u00e9thodes classiques avec des approches bas\u00e9es sur le machine learning.<\/p>\n

Par ailleurs, en interne, Thomas participe au d\u00e9veloppement technique et commercial de notre package de micro-provisionnement et assure la supervision des projets de notre Innovation Lab.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"Julien\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Julien Trufin<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Julien est Scientific Advisor chez Detralytics et Professeur en sciences actuarielles au sein du d\u00e9partement de math\u00e9matiques de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles. Il poss\u00e8de une exp\u00e9rience en tant que consultant et un solide parcours acad\u00e9mique d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 au sein d\u2019institutions de renom, dont l\u2019Universit\u00e9 Laval (Canada), l\u2019UCL et l\u2019ULB (Belgique). Chez Detralytics, Julien encadre les jeunes talents, dispense des formations de pointe, stimule l\u2019innovation et supervise les projets de R&D.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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This note investigates fairness in insurance pricing, focusing on two complementary notions: proxy discrimination and demographic parity.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6670,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[133],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6669","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-publication"],"yoast_head":"\nDetra Note : Fairness in insurance pricing<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"This note investigates fairness in insurance pricing, focusing on two complementary notions: proxy discrimination and demographic parity.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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