{"id":4466,"date":"2021-02-08T17:41:44","date_gmt":"2021-02-08T17:41:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/detralytics.com\/?p=4466"},"modified":"2026-06-22T14:48:22","modified_gmt":"2026-06-22T14:48:22","slug":"generalization-error-for-tweedie-models-can-it-be-decomposed-as-for-normal-and-poisson-and-can-it-be-reduced-with-bagging","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/detralytics.com\/en\/publications\/generalization-error-for-tweedie-models-can-it-be-decomposed-as-for-normal-and-poisson-and-can-it-be-reduced-with-bagging\/","title":{"rendered":"Generalization error for Tweedie models: can it be decomposed as for Normal and Poisson and can it be reduced with bagging?"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"4466\" class=\"elementor elementor-4466\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b665ede e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"b665ede\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;shape_divider_bottom&quot;:&quot;tilt&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shape elementor-shape-bottom\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-negative=\"false\">\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 100\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\">\n\t<path class=\"elementor-shape-fill\" d=\"M0,6V0h1000v100L0,6z\"\/>\n<\/svg>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96d7b98 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"96d7b98\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Generalization error for Tweedie models: can it be decomposed as for Normal and Poisson and can it be reduced with bagging?<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ecac964 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ecac964\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">DetraNote 2021-5<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-87f3931 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"87f3931\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9aa7e1d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"9aa7e1d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-67f934f elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"67f934f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/dial.uclouvain.be\/pr\/boreal\/object\/boreal%3A249142\/datastream\/PDF_01\/view\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"765\" height=\"1080\" src=\"https:\/\/detralytics.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Cover_published_Detra-Note-2021-5-765x1080.png\" class=\"elementor-animation-grow attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-4601\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/detralytics.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Cover_published_Detra-Note-2021-5-765x1080.png 765w, https:\/\/detralytics.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Cover_published_Detra-Note-2021-5-768x1085.png 768w, https:\/\/detralytics.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Cover_published_Detra-Note-2021-5.png 781w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 765px) 100vw, 765px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-420ffe4 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"420ffe4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/dial.uclouvain.be\/pr\/boreal\/object\/boreal%3A249142\/datastream\/PDF_01\/view\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-far-arrow-alt-circle-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm0 448c-110.5 0-200-89.5-200-200S145.5 56 256 56s200 89.5 200 200-89.5 200-200 200zm-32-316v116h-67c-10.7 0-16 12.9-8.5 20.5l99 99c4.7 4.7 12.3 4.7 17 0l99-99c7.6-7.6 2.2-20.5-8.5-20.5h-67V140c0-6.6-5.4-12-12-12h-40c-6.6 0-12 5.4-12 12z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Read<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2e62cc6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2e62cc6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fc5d00b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"fc5d00b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Abstract<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f1e1dc7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f1e1dc7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>W\u00fcthrich and Buser studied the generalization error for Poisson regression models. This short note aims to extend their results to the Tweedie family of distributions, to which the Poisson law belongs. In case of bagging, a new condition emerges that becomes increasingly binding with the power parameter involved in the Tweedie variance function.<\/p><p><strong><span style=\"color: #097566;\">Keywords:<\/span><\/strong> Generalization error, Supervised learning, Exponential dispersion family,\u00a0 Tweedie, Bagging<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0f29719 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0f29719\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;gradient&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2952de9 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2952de9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><b>Sector: <\/b>Insurance<b><\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>Authors:<\/b>\u00a0Michel Denuit and<\/p>\n<p>Julien Trufin<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><b>Publication:<\/b> European Actuarial<\/p>\n<p>Journal\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><b>Date:<\/b> February 2021<\/p>\n<p><b>Language:<\/b> English<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c6ae38d e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"c6ae38d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a1c05c2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"a1c05c2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f183faa elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f183faa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">About the authors<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-181d671 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"181d671\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0423b6c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0423b6c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-86c5f93 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"86c5f93\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"501\" src=\"https:\/\/detralytics.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Michel_Rond.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2059\" alt=\"Michel Denuit\" srcset=\"https:\/\/detralytics.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Michel_Rond.png 500w, https:\/\/detralytics.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Michel_Rond-400x400.png 400w, https:\/\/detralytics.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Michel_Rond-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/detralytics.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Michel_Rond-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/detralytics.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Michel_Rond-250x250.png 250w, https:\/\/detralytics.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Michel_Rond-320x320.png 320w, https:\/\/detralytics.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Michel_Rond-146x146.png 146w, https:\/\/detralytics.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Michel_Rond-50x50.png 50w, https:\/\/detralytics.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Michel_Rond-75x75.png 75w, https:\/\/detralytics.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Michel_Rond-85x85.png 85w, https:\/\/detralytics.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Michel_Rond-80x80.png 80w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ae41985 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ae41985\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-889bb74 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"889bb74\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Michel Denuit<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eb964b9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"eb964b9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Michel is a Scientific Advisor at Detralytics, as well as a professor in actuarial science at the Universit\u00e9 Catholique de Louvain. He has international experience as a visiting professor, and has promoted many projects in collaboration with the industry. At Detralytics, Michel coaches young talents, provides cutting-edge training, fosters innovation and oversees R&amp;D projects.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d7e2e74 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"d7e2e74\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4b0d642 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4b0d642\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6cf3fde elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6cf3fde\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"323\" height=\"325\" src=\"https:\/\/detralytics.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Julien-rond.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2076\" alt=\"Julien Trufin\" srcset=\"https:\/\/detralytics.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Julien-rond.jpg 323w, https:\/\/detralytics.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Julien-rond-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/detralytics.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Julien-rond-100x100.jpg 100w, https:\/\/detralytics.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Julien-rond-145x146.jpg 145w, https:\/\/detralytics.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Julien-rond-50x50.jpg 50w, https:\/\/detralytics.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Julien-rond-75x75.jpg 75w, https:\/\/detralytics.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Julien-rond-85x85.jpg 85w, https:\/\/detralytics.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Julien-rond-80x80.jpg 80w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 323px) 100vw, 323px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8056b74 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8056b74\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8aab50c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8aab50c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Julien Trufin<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37ccee7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"37ccee7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Julien is a Scientific Advisor at Detralytics, as well as a professor in Actuarial Science at the department of mathematics of the Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles. Julien has experience as a consultant and a strong academic background developed at prominent institutions, including Universit\u00e9 Laval (Canada), UCL, and ULB (Belgium). At Detralytics, Julien coaches young talents, provide cutting-edge training, fosters innovation and oversees R&amp;D projects.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3433866 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3433866\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-113a97f elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"113a97f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/detralytics.com\/en\/publications\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span 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belongs.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4601,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[137,133],"tags":[131],"class_list":["post-4466","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-137","category-publications","tag-detranote"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>FAQctuary : Generalization error for Tweedie models<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"This short note aims to extend their results to the Tweedie family of distributions, to which the Poisson law belongs.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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